Editing Atlantic Ocean (section)

=== '''The Structure of the Atlantic Ocean''' === 

The Atlantic Ocean one of the most fascinating oceans on Earth, known not only for its vast size but also for its distinctive shape and underwater features. Geographers often describe the Atlantic Ocean as resembling the letter '''S.''' It extends from the icy waters of the Arctic Ocean in the north down to the Southern Ocean, stretching between '''Europe and Africa''' on one side and the Americas on the other. A major physical feature of the Atlantic Ocean is the '''Mid-Atlantic Ridge''', a giant underwater mountain range. This ridge runs along the middle of the ocean and is considered the '''longest continuous mountain range in the world'''. Unlike mountains on land, this range is hidden deep beneath the ocean’s surface. It is a part of a global network of mid-ocean ridges that shape the ocean floor.

The Mid-Atlantic Ridge was formed through '''plate tectonics'''. Here, two tectonic plates are slowly moving away from each other. As the plates separate, molten rock from inside the Earth rises and solidifies, forming new oceanic crust. This natural process, called '''seafloor spreading''', causes the Atlantic Ocean to widen slightly every year. Because of this activity, small earthquakes and underwater volcanic eruptions often occur along the ridge. Beyond the ridge, the Atlantic Ocean floor consists of '''continental shelves''', '''slopes''', '''basins''', and '''trenches'''. The shelves are shallow areas near the coasts, while the trenches are the deepest parts of the ocean. The deepest location in the Atlantic is the '''Puerto Rico Trench''', reaching around 8,600 meters below sea level. This impressive structure influences not only the shape of the Atlantic Ocean but also global ocean currents, marine biodiversity, and climate patterns. It plays a crucial role in Earth’s natural systems and continues to evolve over time.